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This list/table provides an overview of significant map projections, including those described by articles in Wikipedia. It is sortable by the main fields. Inclusion in the table is subjective, as there is no definitive list of map projections. ==Table of projections== . |- | Robinson | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Compromise | Arthur H. Robinson | 1963 | Computed by interpolation of tabulated values. Used by Rand McNally since inception and used by NGS 1988–98. |- | Natural Earth | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Compromise | Tom Patterson | 2011 | Computed by interpolation of tabulated values. |- | Tobler hyperelliptical | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | Waldo R. Tobler | 1973 | A family of map projections that includes as special cases Mollweide projection, Collignon projection, and the various cylindrical equal-area projections. |- | Wagner VI | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Compromise | K.H. Wagner | 1932 | Equivalent to Kavrayskiy VII vertically compressed by a factor of . |- | Collignon | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | Édouard Collignon | 1865 (c.) | Depending on configuration, the projection also may map the sphere to a single diamond or a pair of squares. |- | HEALPix | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | Krzysztof M. Górski | 1997 | Hybrid of Collignon + Lambert cylindrical equal-area |- | Boggs eumorphic | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | Samuel Whittemore Boggs | 1929 | The equal-area projection that results from average of sinusoidal and Mollweide ''y''-coordinates and thereby constraining the ''x'' coordinate. |- | Craster parabolic =Putniņš P4 | | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | John Craster | 1929 | Meridians are parabolas. Standard parallels at 36°46′N/S; parallels are unequal in spacing and scale; 2:1 Aspect. |- | Flat-polar quartic = McBryde-Thomas #4 | | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | Felix W. McBryde, Paul Thomas | 1949 | Standard parallels at 33°45′N/S; parallels are unequal in spacing and scale; meridians are fourth-order curves. Distortion-free only where the standard parallels intersect the central meridian. |- | Quartic authalic | | Pseudocylindrical | Equal-area | Karl Siemon Oscar Adams | 1937 1944 | Parallels are unequal in spacing and scale. No distortion along the equator. Meridians are fourth-order curves. |- | The Times | | Pseudocylindrical | Compromise | John Muir | 1965 | Standard parallels 45°N/S. Parallels based on Gall orthographic, but with curved meridians. Developed for Bartholomew Ltd., The Times Atlas. |- | Loximuthal | 150px | Pseudocylindrical | Compromise | Karl Siemon, Waldo Tobler | data-sort-value=1935 | 1935, 1966 | From the designated centre, lines of constant bearing (rhumb lines/loxodromes) are straight and have the correct length. Generally asymmetric about the equator. |- | Aitoff | 150px | Pseudoazimuthal | Compromise | David A. Aitoff | 1889 | Stretching of modified equatorial azimuthal equidistant map. Boundary is 2:1 ellipse. Largely superseded by Hammer. |- | Hammer = Hammer-Aitoff variations: Briesemeister; Nordic | 150px | Pseudoazimuthal | Equal-area | Ernst Hammer | 1892 |Modified from azimuthal equal-area equatorial map. Boundary is 2:1 ellipse. Variants are oblique versions, centred on 45°N. |- | Winkel tripel | 150px | Pseudoazimuthal | Compromise | Oswald Winkel | 1921 | Arithmetic mean of the equirectangular projection and the Aitoff projection. Standard world projection for the NGS 1998–present. |- | Van der Grinten | 150px | Other | Compromise | Alphons J. van der Grinten | 1904 | Boundary is a circle. All parallels and meridians are circular arcs. Usually clipped near 80°N/S. Standard world projection of the NGS 1922–88. |- id="conic" | Equidistant conic projection = simple conic | 150px | Conic | Equidistant | Based on Ptolemy’s 1st Projection | 100 (c.) | Distances along meridians are conserved, as is distance along one or two standard parallels〔 Carlos A. Furuti. (Conic Projections: Equidistant Conic Projections )〕 |- | Lambert conformal conic | 150px | Conic | Conformal | Johann Heinrich Lambert | 1772 | |- | Albers conic | 150px | Conic | Equal-area | Heinrich C. Albers | 1805 | Two standard parallels with low distortion between them. |- | Werner | 150px | Pseudoconical | Equal-area | Johannes Stabius | 1500 (c.) | Distances from the North Pole are correct as are the curved distances along parallels. |- | Bonne | 150px | Pseudoconical, cordiform | Equal-area | Bernardus Sylvanus | 1511 | Parallels are equally spaced circular arcs and standard lines. Appearance depends on reference parallel. General case of both Werner and sinusoidal |- | Bottomley | 150px | Pseudoconical | Equal-area | Henry Bottomley | 2003 | Alternative to the Bonne projection with simpler overall shape Parallels are elliptical arcs Appearance depends on reference parallel. |- | American polyconic | 150px | Pseudoconical | Pseudoconical | Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler | 1820 (c.) | Distances along the parallels are preserved as are distances along the central meridian. |- id="azimuthal" | Azimuthal equidistant =Postel zenithal equidistant | 150px | Azimuthal | Equidistant | Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī | 1000 (c.) | Used by the USGS in the National Atlas of the United States of America. Distances from centre are conserved. Used as the emblem of the United Nations, extending to 60° S. |- | Gnomonic | 150px | Azimuthal | Gnomonic | Thales (possibly) | data-sort-value=-580 | 580 BC (c.) | All great circles map to straight lines. Extreme distortion far from the center. Shows less than one hemisphere. |- | Lambert azimuthal equal-area | 150px | Azimuthal | Equal-area | Johann Heinrich Lambert | 1772 | The straight-line distance between the central point on the map to any other point is the same as the straight-line 3D distance through the globe between the two points. |- | Stereographic | 150px | Azimuthal | Conformal | Hipparchos (deployed) | data-sort-value=-200 | 200 BC (c.) | Map is infinite in extent with outer hemisphere inflating severely, so it is often used as two hemispheres. Maps all small circles to circles, which is useful for planetary mapping to preserve the shapes of craters. |- | Orthographic | 150px | Azimuthal | Perspective | Hipparchos (deployed) | data-sort-value=-200 | 200 BC (c.) | View from an infinite distance. |- | Vertical perspective | 150px | Azimuthal | Perspective | Matthias Seutter (deployed) | 1740 | View from a finite distance. Can only display less than a hemisphere. |- | Two-point equidistant | 150px | Azimuthal | Equidistant | Hans Maurer | 1919 | Two "control points" can be almost arbitrarily chosen. The two straight-line distances from any point on the map to the two control points are correct. |- | Peirce quincuncial | 150px | Other | Conformal | Charles Sanders Peirce | 1879 | |- | Guyou hemisphere-in-a-square projection | 150px | Other | Conformal | Émile Guyou | 1887 | |- | Adams hemisphere-in-a-square projection | 150px | Other | Conformal | Oscar Sherman Adams | 1925 |- | Octant projection | 150px | Polyhedral | Compromise |Leonardo da Vinci | 1514 | Projects the globe onto eight octants (Reuleaux triangles) with no meridians and no parallels. |- | B.J.S. Cahill's Butterfly Map | 150px | Polyhedral | Compromise |Bernard Joseph Stanislaus Cahill | 1909 | Projects the globe onto an octahedron with symmetrical components and contiguous landmasses that may be displayed in various arrangements |- | Cahill-Keyes projection | 150px | Polyhedral | Compromise |Gene Keyes | 1975 | Projects the globe onto a truncated octahedron with symmetrical components and contiguous land masses |- | Waterman butterfly projection | 150px | Polyhedral | Compromise | Steve Waterman | 1996 | Projects the globe onto a truncated octahedron with symmetrical components and contiguous land masses that may be displayed in various arrangements |- | Quadrilateralized spherical cube | | Polyhedral | Equal-area | F. Kenneth Chan, E. M. O’Neill | 1973 | |- | Dymaxion map | 150px | Polyhedral | Compromise | Buckminster Fuller | 1943 | Also known as a Fuller Projection. |- | Myriahedral projections | | Polyhedral | Compromise | Jarke J. van Wijk | 2008 | Projects the globe onto a myriahedron: a polyhedron with a very large number of faces.〔 Jarke J. van Wijk. "Unfolding the Earth: Myriahedral Projections". () 〕〔 Carlos A. Furuti. "Interrupted Maps: Myriahedral Maps". () 〕 |- | Craig retroazimuthal = Mecca | 150px | | Retroazimuthal | James Ireland Craig | 1909 | |- | Hammer retroazimuthal, front hemisphere | 150px | | Retroazimuthal | Ernst Hammer | 1910 | |- | Hammer retroazimuthal, back hemisphere | 150px | | Retroazimuthal | Ernst Hammer | 1910 | |- | Littrow | 150px | | Retroazimuthal | Joseph Johann Littrow | 1833 | Also conformal |- | Armadillo | 150px | Other | Compromise | Erwin Raisz | 1943 | |- | GS50 | 150px | Other | Conformal | John P. Snyder | 1982 | Designed specifically to minimize distortion when used to display all 50 U.S. states. |} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of map projections」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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